Which access control feature does IAM provide?

IAM, or Identity and Access Management, provides fine-grained access control, which allows organizations to manage permissions precisely and define who can access what resources within AWS. This capability enables you to specify permissions down to individual API calls or specific resources, allowing for granular control over user actions based on roles, policies, and resource types.

The ability to implement fine-grained access control is essential in scenarios where different users require varying levels of access to different resources. For example, an application developer may need read and write access to certain S3 buckets but only read access to others, and IAM allows organizations to configure such detailed permissions.

While options like biometric authentication and multi-factor authentication are important features for securing access, they don't directly relate to the ability to control permissions and access rights in the way that fine-grained access control does. Network segmentation is more related to security at the architecture level rather than IAM's access management capabilities.

By leveraging IAM’s fine-grained access control, organizations can effectively enforce security best practices, ensuring that users have the least privilege necessary to perform their jobs, which is crucial for maintaining a secure cloud environment.